【外刊中的知识星球】“谷爱凌”成名后的心境
2022年北京冬奥会上谷爱凌一战成名。如今，“谷爱凌”已经成为了一个代名词。关于成名后的心境，谷爱凌有怎样的体会呢？今天让我们一起来看看谷爱凌本人对此是怎样说的吧。原文导读（节选）It doesn’t take much, unfortunately, for uncertainty to override confidence. Imperfect preparation moistens my palms. The feeling isn’t panic, but something like dread. Danger! cries every evolutionary instinct. If I should choose to look past this safety mechanism, my body may act autonomously in the air, twisting out of the rotation and forcing me to brace for impact out of fear that full commitment to the trick may end in disaster. Every free skier’s goal is to recognize the minute differences between excitement and uncertainty in order to maximize performance while minimizing the risk of injury.
Finally, there’s pressure, an energy source that can be wielded in many ways. One’s experience of pressure— by far the most subjective facet of “fear”— is affected by personal experiences and perspectives. Expectations of family and friends, a competitive streak, or even sponsorship opportunities can provide the scaffolding for a high-pressure environment. Pressure can be a positive force for competitors who leverage it to rise to the occasion, but it can also single-handedly dictate competitive failure.
But whether athletes alleviate or compound their innate desire to “prove themselves” depends largely on confidence. As I enter my early adulthood, I’m proud of the work I’ve done to cope with pressure by bolstering my self-esteem and minimizing my need for external validation. I focus on gratitude, perspective, and on the joy this sport brings me, regardless of whether I’m alone or in front of a worldwide TV audience. Though my views of myself and the world are constantly evolving, one thing is for certain: no matter how much time passes, I’ll always be a hopeless romantic when it comes to fear.
第一段：It doesn’t take much, unfortunately, for uncertainty to override confidence. Imperfect preparation moistens my palms. The feeling isn’t panic, but something like dread. Danger! cries every evolutionary instinct. If I should choose to look past this safety mechanism, my body may act autonomously in the air, twisting out of the rotation and forcing me to brace for impact out of fear that full commitment to the trick may end in disaster. Every free skier’s goal is to recognize the minute differences between excitement and uncertainty in order to maximize performance while minimizing the risk of injury.
推荐翻译：不幸的是，犹豫压垮信心往往不费吹灰之力。没有准备充分会让我掌心冒汗。这种感觉不是惊慌，而是类似于惧怕的某些东西。每一个生物进化的本能都在声嘶力竭着危险的到来。如果我选择性地忽视这个安全机制，我的身体可能会在空中不受控制，做着转体变形，迫使我在恐惧的威胁下为冲击做好准备，毕竟高度专注于这样的动作可能会招致灾难。对于每一位自由式滑雪运动员而言，滑雪的最终目的就是要分清兴奋和犹豫之间的细微差别，从而在最佳表现的同时，把受伤的风险降到最低。
知识点解读：
1.It doesn’t take much for sb to do sth:对某人而言做某事不费吹灰之力。
2.Confidence: n. 信任,信心, 自信。常用的固定搭配为“with confidence 满怀信心地”；“in confidence 秘密地，自信地”；“have confidence in 对…有信心”；“give one's confidence to 信任，信赖”。例如，“Wright is now on fire with confidence.赖特现在情绪高涨，信心十足。”
常见的表达“信任”的单词辨析：
belief 普通用词，指单纯从主观上的相信，不着重这种相信是否有根据。
faith 语气较强，强调完全相信；有时也能仅凭感觉产生的相信。
confidence 指对某人某事有充分信心，断定不会使人失望，因而给予信任。
conviction 多指根据长期交往或实践，对某人某事有了认识和了解后产生的信心和相信，侧重其坚定性。
credit 语气最弱，着重以声誉为信任的基础。
trust 强调相信、信任的完全可靠。
3.Imperfect：adj. 有缺点的,有瑕疵的，不完整的，未完成的。例如，“He had only an imperfect understanding of his task.他对自己的任务只是一知半解。”。其反义词为perfect，“im-”在这里是否定前缀。
4.Moisten：vt. & vi. (使)变得潮湿,变得湿润。其形容词形式为moist，意为“adj. 潮湿的, 微湿的”，“-en”在这里为后缀。常见的地道表达有“moist climate 湿润气候”等。
常见的表达“湿润”的单词辨析：
humid 正式用词，特指空气与天气的潮湿，相对湿度大。
damp 指吸进或覆盖着一点水份，常表示潮湿得使人不舒服。
moist 指微湿，侧重不干，但并非湿得使人不快。
wet 普通用词，指各种潮湿的状态。
5.Instinct：本能，直觉。常见的地道表达为“by instinct 出于本能”，例如，“At this disenchanted moment a little lame duck of her own breed was welcome to June, so homoeopathic by instinct.在这样一个幻想破灭时刻，一个至亲骨肉的可怜虫对琼说来是受欢迎的，从本能上觉得这是很好的顺势疗法。”
6.out of fear：出于恐惧。“Out of +adj”常用于表达情感，意为“出于……”，例如，“out of gear 失常”。
7.minute：常见的意思为“n. 分钟，瞬间，很短的时间，此时此刻；立刻”。但是minute还有其他用法，比如说，“adj. 极小的；极少的，极详细的；准确的，精确的”，原文取的也是这个用法。
第二段：Finally, there’s pressure, an energy source that can be wielded in many ways. One’s experience of pressure— by far the most subjective facet of “fear”— is affected by personal experiences and perspectives. Expectations of family and friends, a competitive streak, or even sponsorship opportunities can provide the scaffolding for a high-pressure environment. Pressure can be a positive force for competitors who leverage it to rise to the occasion, but it can also single-handedly dictate competitive failure.
推荐翻译：最后就是压力——一种能够被多样释放的动力之源。个人的压力体验——目前来看是“恐惧”最主观的一面——会受到个人经历和个人观念的影响。家人的期望、朋友的期待、竞争的欲望，甚至可能是获取赞助的机会，都有可能会造成高压的环境。对于那些可以利用压力应对形势的竞争者而言，压力是一种积极的力量，但压力也可以成为决定竞争的关键性因素。
知识点解读：
1.subjective：adj. (思想、感情等)主观的；主观的(以个人好恶、观点等为依据)。其反义词为objective，意为“adj. 客观的; 不带偏见的”。Objective还可以做名词，表示“n. 目标; 目的”。
表示“客观的、公正的”的词汇辨析：
impartial 侧重对任何人或任何一方没有成见或偏袒。
just 多用于庄重场合，指不受个人利益得失或感情倾向的影响，侧重按照公认的准则或标准处理问题。
fair 普通常用词，指不偏不倚地对待人和物，侧重不受个人感情、偏见或利益所影响。
neutral 强调持中立态度，不偏袒任何一方，甚至不作最后的裁决。
objective 着重客观、真实，不为个人偏见、兴趣、感情或看法所左右。
2.Expectation：n. 预料; 期望，有信心的指望。很重要的一个单词，常见的地道表达为“in expectation 期望着；意料之中”；“expectation of life 平均寿命；预期寿命（等于life expectancy）”；“live up to expectations 按照期望做到，不负众望”。
表示“期望、愿景”的词汇辨析：
expectation 指期待某事发生或假设某事能发生，多含揣想的意味。
hope 通常指建立在愿望基础上的期待。这种期待有可能发生或实现，但也可能相反。
outlook 多指根据征兆或分析对要发生的事情的愿望或预料。
prospect 与outlook的含义相近，但侧重对成功、利润和舒适生活等方面的期待。
第三段：But whether athletes alleviate or compound their innate desire to “prove themselves” depends largely on confidence. As I enter my early adulthood, I’m proud of the work I’ve done to cope with pressure by bolstering my self-esteem and minimizing my need for external validation. I focus on gratitude, perspective, and on the joy this sport brings me, regardless of whether I’m alone or in front of a worldwide TV audience. Though my views of myself and the world are constantly evolving, one thing is for certain: no matter how much time passes, I’ll always be a hopeless romantic when it comes to fear.
推荐翻译：但运动员能否减轻或强化他们“证明自己”的内在欲望，在很大程度上取决于信心。刚步入成年的时候，我通过增强自尊和减少对外部认可的需求来应对压力，我对此所做的工作感到自豪。无论我是独自一人还是在世界各地的电视观众面前，我都专注于感恩、观察和这项运动带给我的快乐。尽管我对自己和世界的看法在不断演变，但有一点是肯定的：无论时间流逝多久，再次遇见恐惧时，我依旧是一个无可救药的浪漫主义者。
知识点解读：
1.alleviate：vt. 减轻, 缓解, 缓和。Alleviate常考词义辨析，同样表达“减轻”的单词还有“lessen”等。
2.depend on：依赖, 依靠。例如，“We are depending on you to finish the job.我们指望你来完成这项工作。”同义替换为rely on，例如，“You can rely on him every time.你无论何时都可以信赖他。”
3.cope with：处理，应对，常见的表达为“cope with problem，处理问题”。
常见关于“处理”的表达如下，大家要注意辨析：
deal with：既可指处理具体事情，也可指处理或解决具有抽象意义的问题。
cope with: 指成功地处理或对付更为重大，更为严重的问题或事物。
Manage: 指处理日常事务与工作，也可指经营管理。
Handle: 从原义“手柄”，转引申为作“处理”解时，其内涵是管理和操纵。
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